For some reason, I have been watching Gosford Park almost non-stop. For those who have no idea what I’m talking about, Gosford Park is a murder mystery set in 1936 England. Here is the wikipedia quick summary:
Gosford Park is a 2001 mystery comedy-drama film directed by Robert Altman and written by Julian Fellowes. The film stars an ensemble cast, which includes Helen Mirren, Maggie Smith, Eileen Atkins, Alan Bates, Michael Gambon, and Clive Owen. The story follows a party of wealthy Britons and Americans and their servants, who gather for a shooting weekend at the English country house, Gosford Park. A murder occurs after a dinner party and the film goes on to present the subsequent investigation into it from both the servants’ and the guests’ perspectives.
What I find so interesting is the romantic notion of the leisure class. Living in America and being middle class, we have no concept of servants. The idea of having someone waiting on us hand and foot is so strange that we tend to romanticize the era. It is a time of mink wraps, dressing for dinner, shooting parties, billiards and eight course meals.
We come close to knowing what it might feel like when we go to an upscale restaurant where the waiter hovers around the table. In the end, those individuals are serving with the hope of gratification – the tip.
In Edwardian/Victorian society, the lower class entered into service as a means to provide for the family. Young ladies dominated the service by 60%. They were scullery maids, parlor maids, cooks, lower house maids, ladies maids, wet nurses/nannies and governesses. The position for which a man could take on was far more limited: butlers, footman, hallboys, drivers and valets. They entered into domestic service with the hope of advancement, which came over the course of their lifetime. A boy might go into service as a hallboy – sleeping in the servants hall and doing menial work, only to raise himself to butler forty years later. His salary would top off at 50 pounds a year.
In Gosford park, you see how each position held its own sense of belonging. House maids only did certain jobs while footman had their own. Parlor maids and cooks did NOT clean up the kitchen dishes because they felt it was beneath them. Those below stairs knew their place in the society hierarchy, as did the upper class. In this movie, a lower class woman marries into the upper class and she is treated with scorn and ridicule, although never to her face. Even the servants feel she is cheap and lacking in self respect. In the modern world, you can hire a servant who treats you like royalty as long as you have the money. Money meant something then but the respect came with the heritage of a title and land.
PBS put out Manor House, a program that took modern day people in the UK and placed them into the servant and master roles for three months. They lived the way their ancestors did and many were caught up by their modern sensibilities. They complained of wanting more time off, more time to themselves. Like the wealthy family upstairs, they should be able to sleep in and whatnot. Because in the day, those notions would never have been contemplated. Once born, you had to stay in your social class and never raise above.This then lead to the Labor Party raising in power after the first world war.
Taken from the PBS website, here is a list of the rules these people had to follow:
- Never let your voice be heard by the ladies and gentlemen of the house, except when necessary, and then as little as possible.
- Always “give room” if you meet one of your employers or betters on the stairs.
- Always stand still and keep your hands quiet when speaking to a lady or being spoken to and look at the person speaking to you.
- Never begin to talk to ladies and gentlemen unless it be to deliver a message or ask a necessary question.
- Servants should never offer any opinion to their employers, nor even to say good night or good morning except in reply to salutation.
- Never talk to another servant, or a person of your own rank, or to a child in the presence of your mistress, unless for necessity then do it as shortly as possible, and in a low voice.
- Never call from one room to another.
- Always answer when you have received an order or reproof.
- Outer doors are to be kept constantly fastened, and their bells to be answered by the Butler only, except when he is otherwise indispensably engaged, when the assistant by his authority will take his place.
- Every servant is expected to be punctually in his/her place at meal times.
- No servant is to take any knives or forks or other article, nor on any account to remove any provisions, nor ale or beer out of the Hall.
- No Gambling of any description, or Oaths, or abusive language are on any account to be allowed.
- The female staff are forbidden from smoking.
- No servant is to receive any Visitor, Friend or Relative into the house; or to introduce any person into the Servants’ hall without the consent of the Butler or Housekeeper.
- Followers are strictly forbidden, and any maid found fraternising with a member of the opposite sex will be dismissed without a hearing.
- No tradesmen, nor any other persons having business in the house are to be admitted except between the hours of 9am and 3pm and in all cases the Butler or Chef must be satisfied that the persons he admits have business there.
- The Hall door is to be finally closed at half-past ten o’clock every night, after which time no person will be admitted into the houses except those on special leave.
- The servants’ hall is to be cleared and closed, except when visitors with their Servants are staying in the house, at half-past ten o’clock.
- No credit upon any consideration to be given to any person residing in the house or otherwise for Stamps, Postal Orders etc.
- Any breakages or damage to the house will be deducted from wages.
Here is a link where the participants were able to voice their thoughts on the project and how they handled the stress of being masters and servants. I wish we could do something like that here – what a humbling adventure into history it would be!